Abortion Restriction Laws and Mobility of Scientists
We track the enactment of targeted regulation of abortion providers (TRAP) laws in the U.S. and analyze 4.98 million person-year mobility records for 535,568 biomedical scientists from 1990 to 2018. Our estimations reveal a 0.8-1.6 percentage-point increase in scientists’ relocation probability after states enacted abortion-restrictive laws, with substantially stronger effects among junior scientists (1.6-3.9 percentage points). Anti-abortion states also became less likely to be chosen as relocation destinations, particularly by higher-quality scientists.
Setting Higher Referral Targets Increases the Number of Women Recommended: Evidence From the Field and Lab
Women continue to be underrepresented in numerous occupations and in the highest echelons of many organizations. This may be due, in part, to disadvantages they face in referral-based hiring and promotion processes. We propose a low-cost and easily scalable intervention to boost referrals of women in male-dominated contexts: requesting a greater target number of referrals (e.g., at least four instead of at least two referrals).
Evolution of Ride Services: From Ride- Hailing to Autonomous Vehicles
In recent years the ride service industry has been evolving rapidly, driven by disruptive technologies such as mobile apps, AI, and autonomous vehicles (AVs). While platform-based decentralized ride hailing companies have gained significant market share, vertically-integrated robotaxi services using emerging AVs are starting to enter the market. In this paper, we aim to provide insights about the evolution and the future of ride services studying these two competing business approaches.