BMGT 798V
Telecommunications and Technology Policy

Spring 1999 Syllabus

Professor Joseph P. Bailey
3411 Van Munching Hall
Robert H. Smith School of Business
University of Maryland
jbailey@rhsmith.umd.edu
phone: 301-405-2174
office hours: 1 hour before and 1 hour after class

This syllabus will change throughout the spring semester.

Course Information

Class meets on Thursdays from 3:30pm - 6:10pm in Van Munching Hall 1203.

Course Description

This course covers topics in telecommunications, economics, and public policy. It is intended for MBA students who have a particular interest in telecommunications, electronic commerce, and information technology. The course describes how converging industries requires telecommunications policy to be understood within the context of broader technology policy. The dramatic change in the market due to the introduction of the Internet is a recurring theme in this class. Therefore, the core concepts of economics and regulation of telecommunications is developed within the framework of converging technologies and industries.

Starting with basic economic concepts and incentives, this course examines the structure of the telecommunications and related technology industries, the role of regulation, and its impact on cost allocation and price setting. The use of managerial economics gives us insight into the issues of individual actors in the telecommunications and technology markets. Industrial organization theory helps us address the issues of industry boundaries, competitive advantage, and antitrust policy. This course will use an integrated approach of managerial economics and industrial organization theory applied to the interesting and complex environment of telecommunications and technology policy.

Required Texts

There are two texts for the class: Furthermore, there will be a course reader which will include all the additional readings for the semester.

Optional Texts

You may want to suppliment the course reader with one or more of the following books depending upon the topics you are most interested in. For those interested in general economic texts, you may want to refer to: For those interested in telecommunications history, politics, and policy: For those interested in economics, business, telecommunications and the Internet:

Course Requirements

The course has four grading elements: a technology briefing, a final presentation/paper, a final exam, and class participation. The final presentation/paper is on a topic of the student's choosing, but it must be approved by the instructor. Students will be asked to propose a topic of their choosing around the mid-point of the semester. The final exam will address the cumulative material of the course and will test students' thinking an integration of ideas. Finally, class participation is an important aspect of the class. Students can help their class participation grade by regularly attending class, preparing for class, and participating in class discussions.
Technology Briefing
Final Presentations/Papers
Final Exam
Class Participation
15%
30%
30%
25%

Course Feedback

I welcome any feedback from students throughout the semester regarding course content and the presentation of material. Please feel free to send me email or use the following form to send me feedback anonymously.

Course Schedule

January
U M T W R F S
24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31
February
U M T W R F S
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28
March
U M T W R F S
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30 31
April
U M T W R F S
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30
May
U M T W R F S
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Date

Topics

January 28, 1999
Week 1

Structure of the Telecommunications Industry

[Bailey and Lars Davies, Ashurst Morris Crisp]

Description

In this introductory class, we will discuss the outline for the course, introduce ourselves to each other and discuss the course requirements. After the administrative tasks, we will then describe the existing telecommunications industry by describing the monopoly, oligopoly, semi-competitive, and competitive telecommunication markets. An introduction to LECs (Local Exchange Carriers), IXCs (Interexchange Carriers), and CAPs (Competitive Access Providers) explains the different forms of competition (or lack thereof) in the different marekts. We will discuss how firms can position themselves differently than their competitor to achieve a competitive advantage in telecommunications

Readings

  • Required
    • Hudson, Chapters 1-3.
  • Optional
    • Neuman, McKnight, and Solomon, Chapter 2.

Links

-

February 4, 1999
Week 2

Telecommunications History and Law

[Bailey]

Description

This class discusses the different modes of communication including broadcasting, publishing, and common carriers. We discuss some of the leagal constructs for these different modes of communication and some of its history. This eventually leads to some of the most recent telecommunication policies including the Telecommunication Act of 1996. With the introduction of regulation, there are changes in the price and quality of telecommunications service offerings. The limitations of such regulation are discussed. Included in this discussion is an investigation of the concept of Universal Service.

Readings

  • Required
    • Hudson, Chapters 4 & 5.
  • Optional
    • Pool, Chapters 6 & 7.
    • Cairncross, Chapter 3.
    • "A Connected World," The Economist, September 13, 1997.
    • "The New Trailblazers," Business Week, April 6, 1998.

Links

-

February 11, 1999
Week 3

Telecommunications Liberalization and Privatization

[Bailey]

Description

The movement of the telecommunications industry from publicly owned or regulated companies to competitive firms is described within the process of liberalization and privatization. For example, we discuss the World Trade Organization agreement to introduce competition in the global telecommunications market. Much of this movement includes an investigation of emerging economies and the role of price regulation. Therefore, we will discuss how regulators may choose to set prices of regulated telecommunication companies (e.g. rate-of-return or price caps). In this class we will go into depth with the incentives for incumbents and entrants in the telecommunication markets.

Readings

  • Required
    • Hudson, Chapters 6-8.
  • Optional
    • "ENTel and the privatization of Argentine Telecommunications," HBS Case #9-769-065
    • Mansfield, Chapter 9.
    • Pool, Chapter 9.

Links

-

February 18, 1999
Week 4

Technology and Competition in the Local Loop

[Student Presentations & Bailey]

Description

This class will focus on new technology in the local loop. The local loop is seen as perhaps the greatest bottleneck in the development of new broadband services to the home. In this class, we will discuss the potential for new local loop technologies including wireline (ADSL, cable modems) and wireless (LMDS).

Readings

  • Required
    • none
  • Optional
    • Neuman, McKnight, and Solomon, Chapter 1.
    • Sappington & Weisman, Chapter 8.

Links

-

February 25, 1999
Week 5

Interconnection, Competition, and Global Networks

[Stu Mathison, Broadreach Associates International, and Bailey]

Description

The points where one network meets another are seen as an interface between two or more companies. Interconnection agreements shape technology development and the incentives of users and telecommunication companies to design and use their network differently. We will discuss network externalities, the role of regulating interconnection points, and the use of "call-back" in markets.

The class also addresses the ability for international partnerships to be formed among telecommunication carriers and how the alliance structures affect service offerings. The extremes of alliances include outright ownership of partners such as the SBC purchase of PacBell and proposed purchase of Ameritech. Other relationships, such as the World Partners alliance, require no equity.

Readings

  • Required
    • Hudson, Chapters 9, 14, and 15.
  • Optional
    • Hudson, Chapters 10-13.

Links

-

March 4, 1999
Week 6

Internet Economics - Internet Design & Governance

[Bailey and Amitava Dutta, George Mason University.]

Description

The question of why regulation exists in the telecommunications industry is introduced starting with the core economic concept of a natural monopoly. Issues such as what constitutes a common carrier are addressed. The class ends with a discussion of network externalities and how network externalities change the value of telecommunications services.

Readings

  • Required
    • Shapiro and Varian, Chapter 7.
    • Gillett and Kapor, "The Self-Governance of the Internet"
  • Optional
    • Walters, Chapter 14.

Links

-

March 11, 1999
Week 7

Internet Economics - Internet Pricing

[John Schnizlein, Cisco.]

Description

The introduction of the Internet into the telecommunications service offerings is dramatically changing the nature of the market. Unlike traditional telecommunications offerings, there is much more heterogeneity in the Internet market. However, the Internet is still dependent upon telecommunications services. How telecommunication regulation affects the Internet market and how Internet regulation is developed is discussed along with the core concepts about the economics of the Internet.

Readings

  • Required
    • MacKie-Mason and Varian, "Economic FAQs of the Internet," in McKnight and Bailey, eds., Internet Economics, MIT Press, Cambridge, 1997.
  • Optional
    • Cairncross, Chapters 4 & 5.

Links

-

March 18, 1999
Week 8

Convergence of Communication, Computing, and Content

[Bailey and YT Chien, Harvard and National Science Foundation]

Description

This class will address the converging inudstries in communications, computing, and content. We will explore the Microsoft antitrust case and a historical assessment of the AT&T divestiture and IBM antitrust case.

Readings

  • Required
    • Shapiro & Varian, Chapters 5, 6, and 8.
  • Optional
    • Farrell, J. and M. L. Katz, "Public Policy and private Investment in Advanced Telecommunications Infrastructure." IEEE Communications, July 1998, pp. 87-92.

Links

-

March 25, 1999
Spring Break, No Classes

-

April 1, 1999
Week 9

Government Funding and Technology Development

[Dean Howard Frank, Robert H. Smith School of Business, University of Maryland]

Description

The creation of technology and industrial policy by governments is very diverse. In some industries in some countries, governments form outright partnerships with industry to develop telecommunications and technology services. In other cases, the government makes a concious decision not to get involved. In this class, we explore how, when, and why governments adopt industrial and technology policy.

Readings

  • Required
    • Borrus, Michael and Jay Stowsky, "Technology Policy and Economic Growth," in Investing in Innovation, Branscomb and Keller, eds., MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 40-63.
  • Optional
    • Neuman, McKnight, and Solomon, Chapter 3.

Links

-

April 8, 1999
Week 10

Electronic Commerce

[Bailey and Joe Bass, RAMS]

We will discuss the growing importance of electronic commerce for intra- and interorganizational transactions to support a growing global economy. With our guest speaker, we will explore some applications of electronic commerce and the competitive environment of the Internet. This includes the reasons why to adopt information technologies and electronic commerce standards such as Electronic Data Interchange. How a company can use information technology as an advantage is explored through the use of two examples: intermediation in markets and price discrimination.

Readings

  • Required
    • Shapiro & Varian, Chapters 1, 2 & 3.
  • Optional
    • Mansfield, Chapters 6 & 8.
    • "Living on Internet Time: Product Development at Netscape, Yahoo!, NetDynamics, and Microsoft," HBS Case #9-697-052.
    • Walters, Chapter 9.
    • "Collaborative Filtering," Technology Note, Stanford University.
    • Mansfield, Chapter 13.

Links

-

April 15, 1999
Week 11

Diffusion of Innovations & Economics of Standards

[Bailey and Gary Poon, DTVision]

Description

The use of standards in telecommunications and other technology fields dictate future technology development and the possible protection of consumers. This class will discuss who and why standards are created including the economic benefits and costs of de facto and de jure standards. The specific purpose of promoting interoperability in telecommunications and computer industries is discussed. Part of the new telecommunications and technology environments includes the convergence of markets and the use of venture capital to grow market share. New technology offerings which span the markets of telecommunications, computers, the Internet, and broadcasting are discussed. The difficulty of regulation of some new markets are discussed with Internet telephony as a case study. Many technology development can trace their history back to government and academic roots in their pre-competitive stages. Why and how the government can get involved in the funding of technology including dual-use technologies and technology transfer are discussed.

Readings

  • Required
    • Farrell and Saloner, "The Economics of Standards: Horses, Penguins, and Lemmings."
    • Poon, Gary, "Public Television's Digital Future," in The Economics, Technology, and Content of Digital Television, Gerbarg, ed., 1999.
    • Shapiro & Varian, Chapter 9.
  • Optional
    • Neil, McKnight, and Bailey, "The Government's Role in the HDTV Standards Process: Model or Aberration?"
    • Grindley, Peter, "High-Definition Television: The Failure of Internatoinal Co-operation," in Standards Strategy and Policy: Cases and Stories, Oxford University Press, 1995.

Links

-

April 22, 1999
Week 12

Case Studies in Telecommunications and Technology Policy

[Student Presentations]

Description

Students will pressent their findings from their final projects. The topics span issues in telecommunications and technology policy.

Readings

  • Required
    • none
  • Optional
    • none

Links

  • TBD
-

April 29, 1999
Week 13

Final Papers Due

Intellectual Property and International Competition/Cooperation

[Bailey]

Description

The roles of international bodies in the creation of telecommunication policy is discussed with an emphasis on the role of the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). The role of international settlements and the opportunities for emerging markets to experience double-digit telecommunications growth is discussed. The use of satellite technology and satellite policy is also discussed.

This class will also look at the development and protection of intellectual property. This is especially important in an international context for new technology developments because of the global marketplace for ideas. Furthermore, intellectual property may be used as a strategic weapon for international competition.

Readings

  • Required
    • Hudson, Chapters 16 & 17.
    • Shapiro & Varian, Chapter 4.
  • Optional
    • Walters, Chapter 8.

Links

-

May 6, 1999
Week 14

No Class - Conflict with Ethics ELM

-

May 13, 1999
Week 15

Telecommunications, Technology, and the Global Marketplace for Ideas

[Bailey]

Description

This is the last class for the course and will include student presentations. In the remaining time, Prof. Bailey will tie together the concepts which spanned the class discussions and open up the discussion to lingering issues.

Readings

  • Required
    • Hudson, Chapter 18.
    • Shapiro & Varian, Chapter 10.
  • Optional
    • Mansfield, Chapter 17.
    • Cairncross, Chapter 8.
    • Reich, Robert. "Who is 'US'?"

Links

  • TBD
-

May 20, 1999

Final Exam
12:30-3:30 in 1202 VMH

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