Michael Faulkender

Assistant Professor of Finance


 

Email: mfaulken@rhsmith.umd.edu

Office: 4411 Van Munching Hall

Phone: 301-405-1064

 


Education:

Ph.D. (Finance) June 2002, Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University

B.S. (Managerial Economics) 1994, University of California, Davis

Experience:

Assistant Professor of Finance, RH Smith School of Business, University of Maryland, 2008 – present.

Visiting Assistant Professor of Finance, Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, 2007 – 2008.

Marcile and James Reid Professor, Olin School of Business, Washington University in St. Louis, 2006 – 2007.

Assistant Professor of Finance, Olin School of Business, Washington University in St. Louis, 2002 – 2008.

Fellow, Center for Financial Research, FDIC, 2004 – 2005.

Research interests:

Empirical corporate finance: capital structure, risk management, corporate liquidity

Publications:

"Hedging or Market Timing? Selecting the Interest Rate Exposure of Corporate Debt"

Journal of Finance, April 2005.  Nominated for 2005 Brattle Prize.

ABSTRACT:  This paper examines whether firms are hedging or timing the market when selecting the interest rate exposure of their debt.  I use a more accurate measure of the interest rate exposure chosen by firms by combining the initial exposure of newly issued debt securities with their use of interest rate swaps.  The results indicate that the final interest rate exposure is largely driven by the slope of the yield curve at the time the debt is issued.  These results suggest risk management practices are primarily driven by speculation or myopia, not hedging considerations.

 

"Does the Source of Capital Affect Capital Structure?" with Mitchell Petersen

Review of Financial Studies, Spring 2006. 

Recipient of Barclays Global Investors / Michael Brennan Best Paper Award – Runner Up (2006)

ABSTRACT:  Prior work on leverage implicitly assumes capital availability depends solely on firm characteristics. However, market frictions that make capital structure relevant may also be associated with a firm’s source of capital.  Examining this intuition, we find firms which have access to the public bond markets, as measured by having a debt rating, have significantly more leverage.  Although firms with a rating are fundamentally different, these differences do not explain our findings. Even after controlling for firm characteristics which determine observed capital structure, and instrumenting for the possible endogeneity of having a rating, firms with access have 35 percent more debt.

 

“Corporate Financial Policy and the Value of Cash,” with Rong Wang

Journal of Finance, August 2006.

ABSTRACT:  We examine the cross-sectional variation in the marginal value of corporate cash holdings that arises from differences in corporate financial policy.  We begin by providing semi-quantitative predictions for the value of an extra dollar of cash depending upon the likely use of that dollar, and derive a set of intuitive hypotheses to test empirically. By examining the variation in excess stock returns over the fiscal year, we find that the marginal value of cash declines with larger cash holdings, higher leverage, better access to capital markets, and as firms choose cash distribution via dividends rather than repurchases.

 

“Inside the Black Box: The Role and Composition of Compensation Peer Groups” with Jun Yang, 2009.

Journal of Financial Economics, forthcoming

ABSTRACT: This paper documents the features of the newly disclosed compensation peer groups and demonstrates their significant role in explaining variations in CEO compensation beyond that of other benchmarks such as the industry-size peers. After controlling for industry, size, visibility, CEO responsibility and talent flows, we find that firms appear to select highly paid peers to justify their CEO compensation and this effect is stronger in firms where the compensation peer group is smaller, where the CEO is the Chairman of the Board of Directors, where the CEO has longer tenure, and where directors are busier serving on multiple boards.

 

Papers Under Review:  

            Investment and Capital Constraints: Repatriations Under the American Jobs Creation Act” with Mitchell Petersen, 2009

            Under 1st Round Review at Journal of Financial Economics

            ABSTRACT: The American Jobs Creation Act (AJCA) significantly lowered the tax cost at which US firms could access their unrepatriated foreign earnings. We use this temporary shock to the cost of financing investment and its variation across firms, to examine the role of financial constraints in the firm’s investment decisions. Controlling for the ability to repatriate foreign earnings in a more tax efficient way under the AJCA, we find that for a majority of firms there was little change in domestic investment – the policy objective of the law. We do find, however, that for a subset of firms which are financially constrained, that a majority of the repatriated funds were invested in approved domestic investment. We find little change in financial policy (e.g. leverage and equity payouts) once we control for the ability to repatriate funds under the AJCA. These findings point out the importance of understanding finance theory when designing optimally targeted tax incentives.

 

“Do Adjustment Costs Impede Realization of Target Capital Structure?”  with Mark Flannery, Jason Smith, and Kristine Watson Hankins, 2008.

Revising for 2nd Round Review at Journal of Finance

ABSTRACT: We investigate the role that adjustment costs play in keeping firms from annually reaching their target leverage ratios. Recognizing that firm cash flow outcomes determine whether adjustment costs are sunk or incremental, we estimate capital structure adjustment speeds across different cash flow realizations. Adjustment speeds approach 50% for firm-years in which adjustment costs are more likely to be sunk compared to closer to 25% for firm-years in which adjustment costs are more likely incremental. Relatively financially constrained firms also adjust more slowly, consistent with such constraints impeding capital structure adjustment.

 

“A Panel Data Analysis of Interest Rate Risk Management”* with Sergey Chernenko, 2008.

Revising for 2nd Round Review at Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis

ABSTRACT:  This paper explores why managers are timing the interest rate market.  We ask whether the documented sensitivity of interest rate swap usage to the term structure is a function of managers trying to meet earnings forecasts, of managers attempting to boost near-term results prior to raising external capital, or of managers simply trying to increase their compensation.  Using a very large, hand-collected dataset of swap activity, our empirical findings suggest that swap usage and the choice of interest rate exposure is primarily driven by a desire to meet consensus earnings forecasts and to raise managerial pay. 

*Funded by a grant from the Center for Financial Research, FDIC

 

Working Papers:  

            “The Market Reaction to the Strategic Use of Interest Rate Swaps” with Nicole Thorne Jenkins and Sergey Chernenko, 2008

ABSTRACT:  We investigate the market’s response to earnings generated from changes in current interest rate swaps.  In general, we find that firms experience significantly negative market reactions when using swaps in steep term structure environments to meet expectations.  Upon closer inspection we find that firms that meet expectations and use income decreasing swaps arrangements are responsible for the majority of the apparent penalty.  Firms that swap floating for fixed rates—pay more interest expense today and less in the future—receive a significantly larger market premium then those firms that swap fixed for floating—pay less interest expense today and more in the future.  Our results indicate that even though swaps are arranged as zero NPV transactions, there are specific structures that affect firm value in predictable ways.  Overall, the market appears to appropriately identify and price the strategic use of swaps to hedge cash flow risk versus meeting market expectations.

 

Professional Service:

           

            Program Committee Member: 2008 Western Finance Association Meeting, 2007 and 2008 European Finance Association Meeting, 2006 and 2008 Financial Intermediation Research Society Meeting

 

            Member, American Finance Association

            Member, Western Finance Association

            Member, Society for Financial Studies

 

            Ad hoc referee for Journal of Finance, Review of Financial Studies, Journal of Financial Economics, American Economic Review, Journal of Financial Intermediation, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, Financial Management, Finance Research Letters, The Financial Review, Journal of Banking and Finance, Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, Journal of Futures Markets, The Accounting Review